What should you know?
Gallstones are solid particles that form in the gallbladder. They may remain silent, but obstruction of the gallbladder outlet or bile duct can cause colic, inflammation, jaundice or pancreatitis.
Typical biliary pain is felt in the upper or right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal, and may radiate to the back or right shoulder blade.
Common symptoms and signs
- Strong or gripping right upper abdominal pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Attacks after fatty food
- Incidental stones without symptoms
Diagnosis and the role of ultrasound
Ultrasound is the first-line test and evaluates stones, gallbladder wall, surrounding fluid and bile duct dilatation. Results are correlated with examination and blood tests.
- Stone size, number and mobility
- Gallbladder wall thickness
- Common bile duct diameter
- Signs of acute inflammation
Treatment and next steps
Silent stones often require no treatment. Recurrent biliary pain or complications may lead to surgical consultation for gallbladder removal. Acute inflammation or duct obstruction requires prompt care.
When is urgent care needed?
- Pain lasting several hours
- Fever, chills or persistent vomiting
- Jaundice, dark urine or pale stools